Urban Space Preferences among Older Adults from a Sociodemographic Perspective

Bahare Fallahi, Yadollah Abolfathi Momtaz

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Background: The population of Iran is rapidly aging, and there is no specific housing policy and urban space planning for the elderly. It is vital and necessary to consider urban space and residential environment in order to meet elderly's different needs, preferences, desires, and aspirations to maintain and improve their quality of life (QOL). Aim: This study aims to evaluate the aging urban space and residential preference because urban space situation influences the residential satisfaction that leads to the quality of life. Methods: In this study, 400 old adults residing in Karaj, Iran were surveyed. Independent sample t-test was used to examine the relationship between socio-demographic factors and urban space preferences. Results: There are no differences among genders for urban space preferences, but there are differences in marital status for urban space preferences among elderlies in Karaj, Iran. The results also showed that most participants emphasized Convenience, Accessibility followed by Safety, and Citizen Participation. Conclusion: Marital status was found to play a significant role in urban space preferences. 

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The alterations of XRCC1 gene’s polymorphism with a different SNP is involved in breast cancer

Varesh Shams Akhzari, Fatemeh Asgharpour–Dil, Mohsen Shoja, Fatemeh Dehbandi, Shahrbano Keyhaniyan, Roya Khaksar, Seyedeh Elham Norollahi, Abbas Ghayoumi Javinani, Sahar Ghazanfari, Ali Akbar Samadani

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Background: One of the most serious and lethal type of cancer among women with a high mortality rate is breast cancer.                                                                                                    

Methods: Relatively, this study examined the alternations of polymorphism of XRCC1gene in codon of Arg 399 Gln on 150 patients who had breast cancer and 150 normal ones as control cases in ages between 25 to 35 and also 45 to 55 after obtaining patients consent alongside with confirmation of pathology and oncology department in Imam Sajad hospital, Ramsar. Correspondingly, the genetic analysis was accomplished by RFLP-PCR technique and also MSPI restricted enzyme was used in order to find the SNPs.

Results: The measured clinical qualifications of all patients were comprised: SD and Mean of age: 4.8 and 48, SD and Mean of menstrual age: 4.8 and 13, SD and mean of menopause: 4.8,49, SD and mean of height: 12 and 175, SD and mean of weight: 67.2 and 91, SD and mean of children’s numbers: 103 and 3.

 The final results have indicated that the polymorphism of XRCC1 gene in 150 patients which had breast cancer, had 76.67% heterozygosity (p= 0.03) and 27.87% homozygosity (p=0.02).                                                                                                                 

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Effect of corticosteroid and vitamin D3 as combined therapy on 25 (OH) vitamin D serum level and regulatory T (TReg) cells population in children with idiopathic nephrotic syndrome

Krisni Subandiyah, Harinda Khanifa, Astrid Kristina Kardani

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Background: Nephrotic syndrome (NS) is a chronic disease in children that correlates with T lymphocyte dysregulation (imbalance of regulatory T cells (T_Reg)/ T-helper 17 (Th17) cells ratio). Vitamin D3 serum level was known decreased in children with nephrotic syndrome.  Low vitamin D3 serum level can affect the outcome of nephrotic syndrome management with corticosteroid therapy. This study was aimed to investigate the effect of vitamin D as adjuvant therapy to 25 (OH) Vitamin D serum level and T_Reg population in children with idiopathic nephrotic syndrome.

Method: This study was designed as a randomized clinical trial, double-blind, pre and post-test control group which involved 30 subjects that newly diagnosed as NS. Subjects were divided into two groups, prednisone and vitamin D treated group and prednisone only treated group. T_Reg population in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMC) was analyzed using flow cytometry. Vitamin D serum level was measured by ELISA method.

Results: Results showed that there was a significant elevation of  T_Reg (independent t-test, p=0.001) and 25 (OH) vitamin D serum level (independent t-test, p=0.001) in prednisone and vitamin D treated group as compared to prednisone only treated group. Pearson testing first group showed that vitamin D level was positively correlated with T_Reg(p=0.332, r = 0.183). The number of early remissions was higher in group treated with steroid and vitamin D3 as a combined therapy compared to group treated with steroid only (50 % vs 20%). Whereas the number of late remission was higher in steroid only group (23% vs 6%).

Conclusions: We concluded that corticosteroid and vitamin D3 as a combined therapy increase both of T_Regand 25 (OH) vitamin D level which affect glucocorticoid therapy response in subjects.The number of early remission was higher in group treated with corticosteroid and vitamin D3 as a combined therapy.

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Nutrition Status affects High School Students achievement in: A massive prospective cohort study at Sleman, Yogyakarta Indonesia

Zefanya Ricky Wedu, Eti Poncorini Pamungkasari, Sapja Anantanyu

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Background : Riskesdas research results in 2013 showed that the number of adolescents aged 15-18 years overall very thin prevalence rose by 0,4% and fat prevalence rose by 5,9%, which indicates that the level of adolescent nutritional intake is still not balanced. The average of national high school examination result in DIY has decreased, ie in 2015 the average value is 61,14, to equal to 57,41 in 2016. Therefore, this research aim to know the correlation of nutritional status to academic performance.

Method : This study is a prospective cohort study. The research population is 11.230 students. The sample of research is 112 students and taken by simple random sampling technique. Data were collected with questionnaires and documentation. Data analysis used simple linear regression.

Result : The results showed that the value of significance obtained by 0,005 where the value is smaller than 0,05. The value of R Square obtained for 0,071, it means the magnitude of the relationship of nutritional status to academic performance of 7,1%. Thus, the results of this study indicate that nutritional status is significantly related to academic performance.

Conclusions : Nutritional status is related to academic performance.

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Mini Health Technology Assessment of Urban and Rural Health Care in Indonesia

Ferdy Iskandar, Fabianto Santoso, Angela Franzeska, Yenna Tasia, Kamajaya Mulyana

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Background: Health Technology Assessment (HTA) is a program to evaluate the use of technology in healthcare. HTA proposed by World Health Organization (WHO) will affect the government’s decision-making in the development of healthcare technology. The use of technology should be assessed from its cost-effectiveness to its potential ethical problems. HTA Unit – a division who organizes HTA in government in Indonesia – has emerged in ministry of health in 2003 and focused in drugs and vaccines problems. However, HTA in Indonesia has not been formally effective until today.

Objectives: To evaluate the usage, supply, and demand of the health technology and the spread of health technology in urban and rural areas.

Methods: This study is a cross-sectional study using questionnaire to gather quantitative and qualitative data. The respondents of this study are medical doctors in Indonesia, and the selection of the respondents is done consecutively. We divide respondents’ area into urban and rural areas, and health practitioners as field executors (general practitioners or GP and specialists) and head of healthcare facilities.

Results: The total samples are 48 health practitioners and 14 head of healthcare facilities. Statistical analysis shows that the two settings (urban and rural) are not significantly different (p=0.478), while descriptive analysis shows that the inadequacy of health technology is higher in rural than that in urban areas (70% VS 52.63%). The relationship between the field of health practitioners (GP and specialist) and the adequacy of health technology is not significant. More GP than specialists complain about the inadequacy of health technology in giving the health service to the patients. About 92.8% head of health facility said that technology is needed to support the health service, while only 35.71% agreed that their health facilities still have inadequate health technology.

Conclusion: The use of health technology in Indonesia is still inadequate. The spread of health technology is not equal in urban and rural areas. The lack of health technology in rural areas, especially for GP, affect in diagnosing and giving therapy to patients. The poor spread of technology in healthcare also make gap between health research and health clinical practice.

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Medical pedagogical approach to the development of health-saving environment in educational establishments

Akishina Ekaterina Mikhailovna, Marina Stanislavovna Krasilnikova

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Background: The article has been prepared at the intersection of medical and pedagogical approaches to develop a health-saving environment in educational establishments. This focuses on the specific dimensions in the colleges of culture and arts. Specific characteristics of students studying in these educational institutions are revealed. It shows that simulation of health-saving environment includes the quality of individual mental health and sociocultural standards. Method: The practical part of this article is based on generalizing the data studying the influence of health-saving environment on the somatic, mental and social health and personal development of culture and art college students in Moscow, Krasnodar and Sochi through the long term. The data then presented in a diagram and tables. Results: The study has revealed that developing health-saving environment of the educational establishment through specific correctional health and mental pedagogical against teachers and student groups give impact on improving changes in all health subsystems. Conclusions: The article explains the following conditions that ensure purposeful management of the development of health-saving environment and the culture of health in students: organizational, professional, personal and technological. Factors, dimensions and principles of simulating the quality health-saving environment of the educational establishment in the field of culture and art are revealed. Diagnostic methods are explained below.

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Investigating the effects of nurse post-discharge follow-up phone calls on the self-efficacy of patients suffering from stroke

Hamid Taghinejad, Masoumeh Otaghi, Azam Nikan, Reza Beiranvand

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Introduction: Caring for someone suffering from a chronic illness generates a lot of stress for the caregiver and family of the patient. Self-efficacy is a tool to improve health and training to the caregiver; promoting self-efficacy is a significant procedure in patient care and behavioral modification. The purpose of the present study is to determine the effectiveness of follow-up calls by nurses on the self-efficacy of caregivers of patients with stroke.

Methodology: In the present research, a clinical experiment was carried out through pre-test and post-test design with the participation of 70 caregivers of patients with stroke. They were selected through sampling and were randomly assigned to control and intervention groups. Demographic information questionnaire and Sherer general self-efficacy scale were selected as tools for collecting data. Finally, data were analyzed through independent t-test, paired t-test and Chi-Square using SPSS software version 21.

Results: In the present study, the mean age of caregivers was 36.48 ± 10.44 and the majority of caregivers are patients’ children. There was no significant difference in mean score of self-efficacy between the two groups before the intervention (P≥0.05), but after the intervention a significant difference (P≤.05) was observed following an increase in the mean score of self-efficacy in the intervention group. The comparison of self-efficacy score in the intervention group before and after the study demonstrated that the mean score of self-efficacy increased to 63.87 ± 8.79 before intervention and increased to 68.43 ± 7.17 after intervention, and this increase is statistically significant (P = .001).

Conclusion: According to the results of the current study, it can be concluded that the nurse’s follow-up phone call program results in the self-efficacy of caregivers of patients suffering from stroke.

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The effect of probiotic Lactobacillus casei supplementation on the secretory immunoglobulin A level in the saliva of wistar rats

Maulida Hayati, Herry Herman, Andri Rezano

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Introduction: Secretory immunoglobulin A (SIgA) is an antibody that plays an important role in mucosal immunity by blockading epithelial receptors inhibiting the attachment of pathogenic bacteria, especially Streptococcus mutans to epithelial cells. Lactobacillus is one of the bacteria contained in probiotics, which can increase the proliferation of SIgA-producing cells. This study aims to determine the effect of probiotic Lactobacillus casei supplementation on increasing SIgA levels in saliva of wistar rats.

Methods: This study used a laboratory prospective experimental research design, with a simple randomized design in which thirty-six male wistar rats were adapted for 7 days. After adaptation, the experimental animals that fulfilled the inclusion criteria were divided into 2 groups randomly, i.e., the treatment group who received probiotic supplement Lactobacillus casei 1.17ml / 200gBW twice daily, and the control group receiving only standard water and food, the intervention was performed for 14 days. Examination of SIgA levels in saliva was conducted with ELISA.

Results: Based on Mann-Whitney analysis, the results showed significant differences in SIgA levels between treatment and control groups with median SIgA values of 26.668 ng /ml and 4,463 ng/ml, with p values being 0.033 (p <0.05).

Conclusion: Probiotic supplementation of Lactobacillus casei could increase SIgA levels in saliva of wistar rats.

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Accuracy of cerebrospinal fluid and serum S100B protein in the diagnosis of bacterial meningitis in children

Dewi Sutriani Mahalini, Anak Agung Raka Sudewi, Soetjiningsih Soetjiningsih, I Gde Raka Widiana

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Background: The diagnosis of bacterial meningitis is very difficult because of the vague clinical presentation primarily in infants and children. The S100B protein is a brain neurochemistry that may a biomarkers of inflammatory process in the brain and it is thought to have relationship with neuron damage and oxidative stress in bacterial meningitis.

Methods: In this study, we measured the levels of S100B protein in CSF and serum by using ELISA method, in children with suspected bacterial meningitis. The diagnosis of proven bacterial meningitis based on positive culture that confirmed the causing bacteria. We analyzed the data by using MedCalc-version 17.6 programe.

Results: Eighty patients suspected bacterial meningitis included in this study, 47 (58.8%) male, and mean of age was 29.8 months (SD+32.1).  Prevalence of proven bacterial meningitis were 21/80 (26.25%).  The main clinical symptoms were seizures, decreased of consciousness, clinically sepsis, positive meningeal sign, vomiting and focal neurologic deficits. The comparison of S100B_CSF levels between positive culture and negative culture were 31.4 (SD+32.81) and 29.2 (SD+27.13). A comparison of S100B_serum levels between positive culture and negative culture 114.1 (SD+95.67) dan 74.9 (SD+75.84). Area under curve (AUC) of S100B_CSF dan S100B_serum were 0.523 and 0.655, respectively. Levels of S100B_CSF protein >54 ng/L and S100B_serum >177 ng/L were optimal criteria for diagnosis bacterial meningitis with sensitivity  29% and 19%,  specificity 98% and 98%, respectively.

Conclusion:  Levels of S100B_CSF and S100B_serum protein have prospective value with high specificity to confirm the diagnosis of bacterial meningitis in children.  We can use S100B_serum as addition test for the diagnosis of bacterial meningitis in children if there is contraindication for lumbal puncture.

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Peculiarities of abnormalities of locomotor apparatus of children at preschool age with scoliosis of I-II degree living in Central Russia

A.A. Bikbulatova

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Early diagnostics of developing abnormalities in structure and functioning of locomotor apparatus of 5-6 year-old children, including manifestations of scoliosis, is necessary for maximally early beginning of its adequate correction. Estimation of morphological and functional peculiarities of modern children with scoliosis, living in Central Russia, is of great practical interest. The aim is to estimate morphological and functional peculiarities of locomotor apparatus of living in Central Russia 5-6 year-old children, having scoliosis of I-II degree. In our study we applied methods of morphofunctional estimation of a human being with processing of received results by Student’s t-criterion. Conducted estimation of deviation of spinal column position from the vertical one in children with scoliosis allowed us to detect its increase in them on average 4.4cm. We found lowering of humeral index value on 23.3% in taken into investigation children having scoliosis. It was accompanied by significant decrease of mobility degree of the spinal column in three planes of motion performance. It was also accompanied by lowering of mobility degree of their spinal column to the left side – on 47.4%, to the right side – on 53.6%, backwards – on 39.7%. Children with scoliosis manifestations were noted to have inhibition of morphometric characteristics’ development in comparison with the indices of the control group. While defining the values of dynamometry of children with scoliosis we noticed significant lowering of muscle strength level of both hands in comparison with the control level – on 19.4% from the left side, on 26.7% from the right side. Decrease of hands’ muscle strength of children with scoliosis was accompanied by decrease of the common strength till 34.2±0.16 kg against 36.8±0.31 kg in the control group. Tolerance of body muscles of children with scoliosis was significantly lowered. Living in Central Russia 5-6 year-old children with scoliosis of I-II degree are noted to have typical signs of evident inhibition of physical development. It lies in lowering of somatometric indices, decrease of body muscles’ strength and level of their tolerance, degree lowering of spinal column mobility.

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Quality of life in onychomycosis patients at H. Adam Malik General Hospital, Medan - Indonesia, 2016

Gustina Putri, Isma Aprita Lubis, Imam Budi Putra

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Background: Onychomycosis describes fungal infection of the nail caused by dermatophytes, non-dermatophytes molds, or yeast. It affects up to 14% of the population worldwide. Although onychomycosis is not a life-threatening condition, the disease does not only appear to be a cosmetic problem, it has been suggested that patient can experience deleterious psychologic effects. Onychomycosis has the psychological, psychosocial, and emotional impact that reduce patient’s quality of life.

Objective: To determine the quality of life in onychomycosis patients.

Subject and methods: This research was a descriptive study with a cross-sectional design involving 43 onychomycosis patients. The diagnosis of onychomycosis was confirmed by physical examination and fungal culture. Each subject answered NailQoL questionnaires and the results were assessed. Value with a higher score shows the lower quality of life.

Result:  Quality of life in the most onychomycosis patients was the lower quality of life with the value of NailQoL in the number of ≥37 (41,9%). Based on the gender, the female had the lower quality of life (41,9%). Based on the age, patients in 30-39 years old group had the lower quality of life (62,5%). Based on the education level, patients who went to university had lower quality of life (50,0%). Based on patient’s occupation, the student has the lower quality of life (100%). Based on the duration of illness, patients with more than 10 years duration of illness had a lower quality of life (60,0%). Based on the number of nail involvement, patients with 11-15 nails and 16-20 nails involvement had the lower quality of life (100%).  

Conclusion: Quality of life in the most of onychomycosis patients was the lower quality of life. The lower quality of life was more common in female patients, patients in 30-39 years old group, university education level, students, >10 years duration of illness,                       11-15 and 16-20 number of nails involvement. 

 

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Description of nutritional status and the incidence of stunting children in early childhood education programs in Bali-Indonesia

Ni Nengah Ariati, Arma Fetria, A.A. Putra Purnamawati, Ni Nyoman Suarni, Ida Ayu Eka Padmiari, Pande Putu Sri Sugiani

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Introduction: Early childhood is often called the golden age that is an active individual with rapid growth and development so the nutritional needs must be met and balanced. Every parent would want a balance between physical growth and optimal mental development in their child. In reality, there are still some cases of under-nutrition, stunting, and wasting in some areas of Bali Province. This is certainly a challenge for governments, especially health providers to reduce and prevent that situation because the lack of nutrients that occur in this golden period is irreversible. The less nutritional status will decrease the cognitive abilities development, the child easily sick and low competitiveness. This study aims to know the description of the nutritional status and the incidence of stunting children in early childhood in Bali Province.

Method: This research was observational with cross-sectional design, involving 53 children in early childhood programs which are scattered in several regencies in Bali Province such as Bangli, Gianyar, Singaraja, and Denpasar. The nutritional status of children was assessed by comparing body weight with age, whereas stunting incidence was evaluated by comparing height with age using an anthropometric standard of child nutritional status assessment based on Minister of Health Decree No. 1995/MENKES/SK/XII/2010.

Result: This research showed that 35.85% sample were underweight, 60.38% well nourished, and 3.77% overweight. The data after Height/Age measurement has shown that 9.43% sample were short, 73.58% normal, and 16.98% tall. 

Conclusion: This study has concluded most of the sample were well nourished (60.38%), nevertheless there was still underweight and overweight sample. According to the Height/Age index can be concluded that most of the sample was normal 73.8%. Also, some of the samples were short and tall. 

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Treatment of bilateral maxillary buccal exostoses on gummy smile

Citra Lestari, Hengky Marlie, Fauzia Nilam Orienty

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Backgrounds: Buccal exostoses is benign, broad-based surface masses of the outer or facial aspect of the maxilla and less commonly at the mandible, found usually in the premolar and molar region. A definitive female sex predictions is characteristic of this condition. They are painless, self limiting and may increase patient concern about poor esthetics. Gummy smile is an excessive gingival display during smiling which can occur in response to certain medications--e.g., phenitoin -- or smaller than normal teeth due to developmental events, tooth eruption abnormalities, orthodontic treatments and even congenital defects. Objectives: The objective of this treatment are eliminate buccal exostoses and gingival overexposure with osseus resective surgery and crown lengthening for improve the esthetics of the gingiva, especially on anterior teeth. Case Presentation: A 30 years old female presented buccal exostoses with gummy smile on the buccal aspect from molar to caninus region of the bilateral maxillary arch. This case managed by a combination of osseous resective surgery to treat exostosis and crown lenghtening for removing alveolar bone and excessive gingival. Discussion: Selection treatment for this case is osseus resective surgery and crown lengthening that aims to removal of bone and achieving a physiological bone architecturebilateral exostoses, functional of gingiva and aesthetic. The surgical procedure is aimed at re-establishing the biological width, apically, while exposing more tooth structure. Conclusion: The exostoses and gummy smile increase poor esthetics. Osseus resective surgery andcrown lengthening are the option treatment to makes patient smile more proportional and achieving optimal aesthetics.

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Prognostic factors in mitral valve replacement surgery at Dr. Sardjito General Hospital, Yogyakarta-Indonesia

Supomo Supomo

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Background: The high morbidity following valve replacement surgery in mitral valve stenosis remains a big problem in the management of valvular heart disease in Indonesia. However, there has not been a readily available data about the morbidity prognostic factors following mitral valve replacement surgery in Indonesian population. Method: A retrospective cohort of 60 patients at Dr. Sardjito general hospital from January 2011 to December 2014 were studied. The age, gender, ejection fraction, New York Heart Association (NYHA) functional class, angina Canadian Cardiovascular Society (CCS) grade 4, and postoperative morbidities were analyzed in the univariate and multivariate analysis using Medcalc. Result: Ejection fraction, older age, and NYHA functional class were significantly related to postoperative morbidities (p-value <0.05). Gender and angina CCS 4 were not significantly related to postoperative morbidities. Ejection fraction ≤50% showed the highest odds ratio related to postoperative morbidities (OR 5.645, 95% CI 1.134-0.027). NYHA functional class 3 showed postoperative morbidities odds ratio of 3.200 (95% CI 2.240-23.065), while age ≥50 years OR was 2.445 (95% CI 2.250-24.500). Conclusion: Ejection fraction ≤50%, age ≥50 year, and NYHA functional class 3 are significantly associated with worse outcome after mitral valve replacement surgery.

 

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The difference of otic capsule density, auditory ossicles density, and hearing threshold in osteoporosis and non-osteoporosis patients at Saiful Anwar Public Hospital 2017

Edi Handoko, Mohammad Dwijo Murdiyo, Hendro Soesanto

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Background: Osteoporosis is a systemic disease and involves all bones, including temporal bone. Demineralization of temporal bone including otic capsule and auditory ossicles is suspected to be the cause of hearing loss.

Purpose: This study aims to determine whether osteoporosis can cause the decrease of otic capsule and auditory ossicles density and increase the hearing threshold.

Method: an Observational analytic study with a cross sectional design involving 18 osteoporosis patients and 18 non-osteoporosis patients who had bone mineral density examination. The hearing was examined with Interaccoustic AA222 audiometer while otic capsule and auditory ossicles density were measured using Toshiba Aquilion 128 CT.

Results: Hearing loss was found in 22 of 36 osteoporosis patients ears (61.11%) and 8 of 36 non-osteoporosis patients ears (22.22%). The density of malleus, incus, ROI I, and ROI II between the osteoporosis and non osteoporosis groups showed significant differences (p<0.05; malleus: 1147 ± 85 HU vs 1212 ± 80 HU; incus: 1127 ± 94 HU vs 1184 ± 81 HU; ROI I: 1895 ± 72 HU vs 1981 ± 101 HU; ROI II: 1903 ± 61 HU vs 1968 ± 88 HU).). While for stapes density (1086 ± 90 HU vs 1110 ± 86 HU) did not show a significant difference (p>0.05). The hearing threshold between two groups (30.83 ± 9.42 dB vs 23.26 ± 8.09 dB) showed significant differences (p<0.05). The density of malleus, incus, stapes, ROI I, and ROI II negatively significant (p<0.05) correlated to the hearing threshold with each correlation coefficient were -0.498, -0.391, -0.255, -0.690, and -0.562.

Conclusion: The density of malleus, incus, and otic capsule between the osteoporosis and non-osteoporosis groups showed significant differences. The density of the otic capsule and auditory ossicles are negatively correlated with the hearing threshold.

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Plasma Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor (VEGF) profile and the association with synovial inflammation in knee osteoarthritis

Elysanti Dwi Martadiani, I Ketut Siki Kawiyana, Sianny Herawati, Anastasia Tjan

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Background Recent update of osteoarthritis (OA) pathophysiology is affected by inflammatory process of the synovium, which in turn plays the role in prevention of disease progression. It is believed that vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF), an essential growth factor for vascular endothelial cells, is engaged in synovial inflammatory process that occurs in knee OA, but the association between circulating VEGF levels with synovial inflammation in knee OA is not well known.

Purpose: Identification of plasma VEGF profile and its association with synovial inflammation in knee OA patients.

Method: Consecutive cross-sectional study of primary knee OA patients with or without synovial inflammation. All research materials from history taking, physical examination, to imaging analysis such as ultrasound as well as measurement of plasma VEGF levels using ELISA were done and analysed using T-test, Spearman correlation test, Pearson correlation test, and multiple linear regression analysis (p= 0.05).

Result: There was significant increase of circulating plasma VEGF level in knee OA patients with synovial inflammation (p<0.05). Synovial inflammation was proven associated with high level of plasma VEGF level and influenced by overweight and degree of knee OA variable (p<0.05), but did not associate with existence of OA in other joints, accept OA therapy, hyperuricemia nor DM (p>0.05).

Conclusion Plasma VEGF levels are higher in knee OA with synovial inflammation, and there is an association between high plasma VEGF levels with the occurrence of synovial inflammation in knee OA.

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Effect of mesenchymal stem cells on Mycobacterium tuberculosis growth: in vitro study

Andhika Yudistira

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Background: TB infection remains one of the major health problems in Indonesia. While stem cells have been developed as new hope and challenge on medical aspect in treatments of various disease. Mesenchymal stem cells applications in treating tuberculous infections remain controversial.

Objectives: To evaluate interactions between mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) and Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB) in one co-culture growth.

Methods: This study is an experimental in vitro study, where MTB  H37Rv strain and BMSCs were co-cultured in the single medium. MTB with 0.5 McFarland and 5000 cells/cm² of MSCs were co-cultured in RPMI medium, MTB 0.5 McFarland in RPMI and 5000 cells/cm² MSCs in RPMI are being our control groups. Acid-fast staining bacilli (AFB), PCR, TB culture were evaluated between the 3 groups on day 3, day 7, and day 9 of observation.

Result: AFB, PCR, and TB culture were found positive (+) in both TB control group and also the co-culture group (+) on day 3, day 7, and day 9. While the AFB, PCR, and TB culture in MSCs control group were found negative (-) on day 3, day 7, and day 9. Cyclus threshold PCR values between co-culture group and control groups were not significantly different (p>0.05). Viable MSCs are hardly found in co-culture group compared with MSCs control group. The difference was significant between co-culture group and MSCs control group. (p<0.05).

Conclusion: In this co-culture study, MSCs do not affect MTB growth. Instead, there were suppression of Mesenchymal Stem Cells growth in this co-culture study.

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A Comparative Study of the Neuro-Ophtha (NO) Lollipop and Hertel Exophthalmometers in Measuring Anterior-Posterior Globe Position among Patients without Orbital Disease

Amanda Juwita Sendjaja, Buenjim Mariano, Hernando L Cruz Jr

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Objective: To compare the Neuro-Ophtha (NO) Lollipop against the Hertel exophthalmometer, which is as gold standard, in measuring anterior-posterior (A-P) globe position among patients without orbital disease.

Methods: 423 patients without history of orbital problems, aged 18 years old and above were recruited. Measurements of A-P position of globe were done using Hertel (Ophthalmologist A) and NO Lollipop (Ophthalmologist B) independently on the same patient, in two separate rooms and the same day.

Results: Results showed the A-P globe position measurements were significantly higher using the NO Lollipop as compared to Hertel exophthalmometer. After log transformation of data, a mean difference in the A-P globe position of 0.04977 (log10) or 1.12mm (95% CI 0.12mm to 2.12mm) between Hertel and NO Lollipop readings on the right eye (OD) and 0.04652 (log10) or 1.11mm (95% CI 0.11mm to 2.11mm) on the left eye (OS) were obtained. Significant difference in the mean A-P position readings between Hertel and NO Lollipop exophthalmometer were seen in this study on OD (t=25.2, p=0.000) and OS (t=22.5, p=0.00).

Conclusion: In patients without orbital disease, NO Lollipop overestimates the anterior-posterior globe position by as much as 1.11-1.12 mm compared to Hertel exophthalmometer.  In clinical setting, NO Lollipop may be used as an alternative instrument when Hertel exophthalmometer is not available.

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Impact of daily wearing of medioprophylactic clothes on the state of locomotor system of 5-6-year old children with scoliosis of I-II degree

AA Bikbulatova, EG Andreeva

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Background: Efficient variants of scoliosis correction should be applied maximally early, as soon as its first symptoms are detected. One of such variants is daily wearing of medioprophylactic clothes (MPC). At the same time, dynamics of morphological and functional characteristics of locomotor apparatus in 5-6-year old children with scoliosis against the background of their daily wearing of MPC is still studied rather poorly.

Method: Dynamic indices of locomotor apparatus of 5-6-year old children with scoliosis of I-II degree who wore  author-designed MPC daily for 6 months were tracked.

Results: Examination of 5-6-year old children with scoliosis of I-II degree was noted to have typical manifestations of physical development inhibition in their initial state such as lowered somatometric indices, decreased body muscle strength, lowered tolerance level, and reduced spinal mobility. Conclusion. Daily MPC wearing for half a year provided children with scoliosis evidence of lower spinal curvature, an increase in body muscle strength, and a closer tolerance of relevant indices to control values.

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Melasma characteristic in hormonal contraceptive acceptors at Kelurahan Mangga Kecamatan Medan Tuntungan, Medan-Indonesia

Ilen Mahdalena, Nelva K Jusuf, Imam B Putra

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Background: Melasma is one of the most common skin problems in dermatology. Areas often exposed to ultraviolet, especially the face as a predilection of its disorder. The etiology of melasma remains unknown. There are several risk factors considered to play a role in the pathogenesis of melasma, one of them is the hormone, especially those contained in hormonal contraceptives.

Aim: To know the characteristic of melasma related hormonal contraceptive acceptors in Kelurahan Mangga Kecamatan Medan Tuntungan, Medan.

Methods: This was a cross-sectional descriptive study which involved 83 subjects with hormonal contraceptive acceptors in Kelurahan Mangga Kecamatan Medan Tuntungan, Medan. Diagnosis of melasma was made based on history, clinical features and by Wood’s lamp examination. The data obtained is processed and presented in tabulation form.

Results: In this study, the proportion of melasma in hormonal contraceptive acceptors was 17 subjects (20.5%). The proportion of melasma in oral contraceptive acceptors was 6 subjects (26.1%), injection of 7 subjects (19.4%), implant 4 subjects (16.7%). Based on the hormonal contraceptive content, the proportion of melasma contains estrogen and progesterone was 11 subjects (23.4%) and progesterone alone 6 subjects (16.7%). Based on duration of hormonal contraceptive use melasma was found during 6-12 months in 2 subjects (11.7%), 13-24 months in 1 subjects (5,9%), 24-36 months in 4 subject (23,5%), >36 months in 10 subject (58,8%). Based on the type of clinical pattern that is centrofacial type in 9 subjects (52,9%), malar in 8 subjects (47,1%). Based on Wood’s lamp is epidermal type in 16 subjects (94.1%), dermal type in 1 subject (5,9%).

Conclusions: In hormonal contraceptive acceptors was obtained proportion of melasma 20,5% with oral contraception by 26.1%, 19.4% injection and 16.7% implant. Proportion of melasma contains estrogen and progesterone was 23.4%. Duration of hormonal contraceptive use, melasma was found at most more than 36 months in 58,8%. The most commonly found clinical pattern that is centrofacial type in 52,9% and based on Wood’s lamp is epidermal type in 94.1%.

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Breast tuberculosis in Jakarta: Review of 7 cases

Farida Briani Sobri, Odetta Natatilova Halim

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Introduction Breast tuberculosis (TB) is a rare manifestation of extrapulmonary TB. It can present with various clinical appearances, mimicking pyogenic abscess or breast cancer. Radiological, laboratory, and histopathology results are often inconclusive. Correct diagnosis of breast TB is required as the treatment consists of mainly antitubercular therapy, with only minimal surgical intervention.

Cases We report seven cases of breast tuberculosis that was diagnosed with several diagnostic methods. All patients were treated with antitubercular therapy and showed good response.

Conclusion Breast TB should be considered as differential diagnosis of breast lesion, especially in TB endemic countries, which one of them is Indonesia.

 

 

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The 1st Bali International Dental Symposium

Steffano Aditya Handoko

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Knowledge and technology in the field of advanced dentistry is very fast and more modern, making it easier for dental work in dealing with patients today. Bali in offers not only natural beauty and culture but also provides good dental services and dental care at affordable prices when compared to others countries. The increasing number of local and foreign patients has caused many dentist in Bali to compete increase their knowledge and provide the latest dentistry tools. Therefore, Bali International Dental Symposium was held to develop the knowledge and skills to become a professional person. In relation to science and technology in the field of dentistry, Dentistry Education of Medical Faculty, Udayana University is responsible for always leading the way to create graduates who are able to compete in national and international level. As well as helping to improve the competence and update of dentistry knowledge in Bali in particular and Indonesia dentist in general. According to that reason, we as educator staff within School of Dentistry, Faculty of Medicine, Udayana University intend to implement the first International Seminar called Bali International Dental Symposium (BIDS) which will be held biannually in Bali.

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