Impaired cognitive function and its relationship with menopausal onset and exercise intensity of elderly women

Background: The success of development is the ideals of a nation that can be seen from the improvement in living standards and life expectancy. This also results in a shift in the composition of the population, which will increase the composition of the elderly population. Increased life expectancy must also be accompanied by a good quality of life. During this time the elderly are related with helplessness, dependence, with various health problems such as various cardiovascular diseases, osteoporosis, cognitive impairments such as dementia. This needs to be the concern of all parties. This study aims to determine: 1) the prevalence of elderly women who experience cognitive dysfunction in Buleleng Regency; 2) the relationship between cognitive impairment and the onset of menopause; and 3) and the relationship between cognitive impairment and the level of exercise activities of elderly women in Buleleng Regency.

Methods: This research is a descriptive correlational quantitative observational study with a cross sectional study approach. The study sites were in 5 sub-districts in Buleleng Regency with a total sample of 73 people. To find out the relationship between cognitive impairment and the onset of menopause and the pattern of exercise activities in older women, data were analyzed by contingency coefficient correlation test.

Results: The results showed that 18.4% of elderly women experience definite cognitive impairment, 23% probale cognitive impairment, and 58.6% normal cognitive function. The relationship between cognitive impairment and the onset of menopause was obtained p value 0.296 which indicates that the correlation between the onset of menopause and cognitive function was not statistically significant. The relationship between cognitive impairment in elderly and level of exercise activity obtained a p value of 0,000 which indicates that the correlation between exercise activity and cognitive function is statistically significant.

Aortic enlargement: a case report of cadaveric heart and great vessels dimensions

Aortic enlargement is not an uncommon incidental finding with potential omission of clinical implications. During routine dissection in the middle of the thorax, there was an incidental finding of a disproportionately enlarged aorta in comparison to normal-sized heart at gross observation despite normal anatomy in local and adjacent structures. Incidental finding of aortic enlargement should not be disregarded as it might contribute to pathological processes. The use of indices could give a more comprehensive appraisal of cardiovascular system dimensions.