Clinical characteristics of confirmed patients with COVID-19: A perspective from tropical region

Difran Nobel  Bistara; Nur  Ainiyah; Farida  Umamah; Yurike  Septianingrum; Andikawati  Fitriasari; Lono  Wijayanti; Erika Martining Wardani; Susanti; Domingas Da Silva S. Pereira

doi:10.15562/bmj.v11i2.3433

Clinical characteristics of confirmed patients with COVID-19: A perspective from tropical region

Difran Nobel Bistara ,

Nur Ainiyah ,

Farida Umamah ,

Yurike Septianingrum ,

Andikawati Fitriasari ,

Lono Wijayanti ,

Erika Martining Wardani ,

Susanti ,

Domingas Da Silva S. Pereira ,

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DOI: https://doi.org/10.15562/bmj.v11i2.3433 |
Published: 2022-08-24

Abstract

Introduction: There is a growing number of studies on coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) but data analysis focusing on clinical characteristics in the tropics has not been widely carried out. This study aimed to analyze demographic characteristics, symptoms, length of stay, laboratory results at hospital admission, and the final outcome of infected patients in the tropics in confirmed COVID-19 patients.

Methods: This retrospective study analyzed medical records including socio-demography, clinical manifestations, length of stay, comorbidities, laboratory data, and disease outcomes of 128 COVID-19 patients hospitalized, with confirmed COVID-19 infection results. Existing data were compared using Fisher's Exact Test or Chi Square (X2), determining the difference in the median value which was then assessed using Mann-Whitney.

Results: The mean age of the patients was 50 years, the most common comorbidity was diabetes mellitus 18.8%, the most common symptom was dyspnea 36.7%.

Conclusion: In general, studies conducted to analyze the clinical characteristics of confirmed COVID-19 patients show that the clinical picture of COVID-19 patients in the tropics is generally similar to previous studies. Older age, comorbid patients and patients with dyspnea may help identify a higher risk of death.

References

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Goldenfeld M, Nir-Paz R, Segal G, Bar-On E, Mendelson E, Mandelboim M, et al. Characteristics of Clinically Asymptomatic Patients with SARS-CoV-2 Infections, Case Series. Prehosp Disaster Med. 2021 Feb;36(1):125–8.
Rong Y, Wang F, Liu J, Zhou Y, Li X, Liang X, et al. Clinical characteristics and risk factors of mild-to-moderate COVID-19 patients with false-negative SARS-CoV-2 nucleic acid. J Med Virol. 2021 Jan;93(1):448–55.
Alkundi A, Mahmoud I, Musa A, Naveed S, Alshawwaf M. Clinical characteristics and outcomes of COVID-19 hospitalized patients with diabetes in the United Kingdom: A retrospective single centre study. Diabetes Res Clin Pract. 2020 Jul;165:108263.
Jiang F, Deng L, Zhang L, Cai Y, Cheung CW, Xia Z. Review of the Clinical Characteristics of Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19). J Gen Intern Med. 2020;35(5):1545–9.
Harapan H, Itoh N, Yufika A, Winardi W, Keam S, Te H, et al. Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19): A literature review. J Infect Public Health [Internet]. 2020;13(5):667–73. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jiph.2020.03.019
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Roncon L, Zuin M, Rigatelli G, Zuliani G. Diabetic patients with COVID-19 infection are at higher risk of ICU admission and poor short-term outcome. J Clin Virol Off Publ Pan Am Soc Clin Virol. 2020 Jun;127:104354.
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[1] Arshad Ali S, Baloch M, Ahmed N, Arshad Ali A, Iqbal A. The outbreak of Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19)-An emerging global health threat. J Infect Public Health. 2020 Apr;13(4):644–6.

[2] Goldenfeld M, Nir-Paz R, Segal G, Bar-On E, Mendelson E, Mandelboim M, et al. Characteristics of Clinically Asymptomatic Patients with SARS-CoV-2 Infections, Case Series. Prehosp Disaster Med. 2021 Feb;36(1):125–8.

[3] Rong Y, Wang F, Liu J, Zhou Y, Li X, Liang X, et al. Clinical characteristics and risk factors of mild-to-moderate COVID-19 patients with false-negative SARS-CoV-2 nucleic acid. J Med Virol. 2021 Jan;93(1):448–55.

[4] Alkundi A, Mahmoud I, Musa A, Naveed S, Alshawwaf M. Clinical characteristics and outcomes of COVID-19 hospitalized patients with diabetes in the United Kingdom: A retrospective single centre study. Diabetes Res Clin Pract. 2020 Jul;165:108263.

[5] Jiang F, Deng L, Zhang L, Cai Y, Cheung CW, Xia Z. Review of the Clinical Characteristics of Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19). J Gen Intern Med. 2020;35(5):1545–9.

[6] Harapan H, Itoh N, Yufika A, Winardi W, Keam S, Te H, et al. Coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19): A literature review. J Infect Public Health [Internet]. 2020;13(5):667–73. Available from: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jiph.2020.03.019

[7] Hong Y, Wu X, Qu J, Gao Y, Chen H, Zhang Z. Clinical characteristics of Coronavirus Disease 2019 and development of a prediction model for prolonged hospital length of stay. Ann Transl Med. 2020;8(7):443–443.

[8] Hafiz MZA, Icksan AG, Harlivasari AD, Aulia R, Susanti F, Eldinia L. Clinical, Radiological Features and Outcome of COVID-19 patients in a Secondary Hospital in Jakarta, Indonesia. J Infect Dev Ctries. 2020;14 7:750–7.

[9] Singh AK, Misra A. Impact of COVID-19 and comorbidities on health and economics: Focus on developing countries and India. Diabetes & Metab Syndr. 2020;14:1625–30.

[10] Yang J, Zheng Y, Gou X, Pu K, Chen Z, Guo Q, et al. Prevalence of comorbidities and its effects in patients infected with SARS-CoV-2: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Int J Infect Dis IJID Off Publ Int Soc Infect Dis. 2020 May;94:91–5.

[11] Tascioglu D, Yalta K, Yetkın E. Hypertension and diabetes mellitus in patients with COVID 19: a viewpoint on mortality. Cardiovasc Endocrinol & Metab. 2020;9:108–9.

[12] Huang C, Wang Y, Li X, Ren L, Zhao J, Hu Y, et al. Clinical features of patients infected with 2019 novel coronavirus in Wuhan, China. Lancet (London, England). 2020 Feb;395(10223):497–506.

[13] Roncon L, Zuin M, Rigatelli G, Zuliani G. Diabetic patients with COVID-19 infection are at higher risk of ICU admission and poor short-term outcome. J Clin Virol Off Publ Pan Am Soc Clin Virol. 2020 Jun;127:104354.

[14] Zuin M, Rigatelli G, Zuliani G, Rigatelli A, Mazza A, Roncon L. Arterial hypertension and risk of death in patients with COVID-19 infection: Systematic review and meta-analysis. Vol. 81, The Journal of infection. 2020. p. e84–6.

[15] Wolff D, Nee S, Hickey NS, Marschollek M. Risk factors for Covid-19 severity and fatality: a structured literature review. Infection. 2021 Feb;49(1):15–28.

[16] Thai PQ, Toan DTT, Son DT, Van HTH, Minh LN, Hung LX, et al. Factors associated with the duration of hospitalisation among COVID-19 patients in Vietnam: A survival analysis. Epidemiol Infect. 2020 Jun;148:e114.

[17] Rodriguez-Gonzalez M, Castellano-Martinez A, Cascales-Poyatos HM, Perez-Reviriego AA. Cardiovascular impact of COVID-19 with a focus on children: A systematic review. World J Clin cases. 2020 Nov;8(21):5250–83.

[18] Chan JFW, Yuan S, Kok KH, To KKW, Chu H, Yang J, et al. A familial cluster of pneumonia associated with the 2019 novel coronavirus indicating person-to-person transmission: a study of a family cluster. Lancet [Internet]. 2020;395(10223):514–23. Available from: http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/S0140-6736(20)30154-9

[19] Wang D, Hu B, Hu C, Zhu F, Liu X, Zhang J, et al. Clinical Characteristics of 138 Hospitalized Patients With 2019 Novel Coronavirus-Infected Pneumonia in Wuhan, China. JAMA. 2020 Mar;323(11):1061–9.

Clinical characteristics of confirmed patients with COVID-19: A perspective from tropical region

Abstract

References

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