Aloe vera and its potency as antituberculosis against strains of Mycobacterium tuberculosis that is resistant to some tuberculosis drugs

Herin Mawarti; Mukhamad Rajin; Zulfa Khusniyah; Zulfikar  Asumta; Khotimah; Christina Destri Wiwis Wijayanti

doi:10.15562/bmj.v11i3.3644

Aloe vera and its potency as antituberculosis against strains of Mycobacterium tuberculosis that is resistant to some tuberculosis drugs

Herin Mawarti ,

Mukhamad Rajin ,

Zulfa Khusniyah ,

Zulfikar Asumta ,

Khotimah ,

Christina Destri Wiwis Wijayanti ,

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DOI: https://doi.org/10.15562/bmj.v11i3.3644 |
Published: 2022-12-07

Abstract

Introduction: Aloe vera has anti-bacterial ability against Gram-positive and Gram-negative bacteria; however, anti-bacterial study, especially in multidrug resistant strain of Mycobacterium tuberculosis, has not been evaluated yet. This study aims to determine the potential of Aloe vera as an antituberculosis against drug-resistant strains of tuberculosis.

Method: Stages of research include the production of ethanol extract of Aloe vera, then testing the phytochemicals (identification of alkaloids, steroids/triterpenoids, anthraquinone, flavonoids, saponins, tannins) and chemical content testing by thin layer chromatography (TLC). The anti-bacterial test for Mycobacterium tuberculosis was performed on the Lowenstein Jensen media.

Results: Test results showed the qualitative identification, and TLC contains alkaloids, steroids/triterpenoids, anthraquinone, flavonoids, saponins, and tannins. Antioxidant activity against DPPH radical shows an IC₅₀ value of 6927.133 ppm. Test of anti-bacterial activity to Mycobacterium Tuberculosis H37Rv and MDR TB strains HE (resistant to INH and Ethambutol), and SR (resistant to streptomycin and Rifampicin) showed inhibition ranging concentration of 50 mg/mL in all extracts as well as to test the sensitivity, a sensitive start to a concentration of 50 mg/mL in all extracts.

Conclusions: Aloe vera contains alkaloids, steroids/triterpenoids, anthraquinone, flavonoids, saponins, and tannins that act as antioxidants and antituberculosis against strains of Mycobacterium tuberculosis that are not resistant and resistant to anti-tuberculosis drugs.

References

WHO. Global tuberculosis report 2020: executive summary. WHO. Geneva; 2020.
WHO. Tuberculosis. 2021;
Migliori GB, Tiberi S, Zumla A, Petersen E, Chakaya JM, Wejse C, et al. MDR/XDR-TB management of patients and contacts: Challenges facing the new decade. The 2020 clinical update by the Global Tuberculosis Network. Int J Infect Dis. 2020;92:S15–25. Available from: 10.1016/j.ijid.2020.01.042
Alemu A, Bitew ZW, Worku T, Gamtesa DF, Alebel A. Predictors of mortality in patients with drug-resistant tuberculosis: A systematic review and meta-analysis. PLoS One. 2021;16(6 June):1–24. Available from: 10.1371/journal.pone.0253848
Kliman Kai, Altraja Alan. Annals of Internal Medicine Predictors of Extensively Drug-Resistant Pulmonary Tuberculosis. Ann Intern Med. 2005;(12).
Soeroto AY, Pratiwi C, Santoso P, Lestari BW. Factors affecting outcome of longer regimen multidrug-resistant tuberculosis treatment in West Java Indonesia: A retrospective cohort study. PLoS One. 2021;16(2 February):1–13. Available from: 10.1371/journal.pone.0246284
Sakundano M, Jazuli N. TB community empowerment model instruments in finding tuberculosis (TB) suspects. Bali Med J. 2022;11(2):551–4.
Philip J, John S, Iyer P. Antimicrobial activity of Aloevera barbedensis, Daucus carota, Emblica officinalis, Honey and Punica granatum and formulation of a health drink and salad. Malays J Microbiol. 2012;8(3):141–7.
Alemdar S, Agaoglu S. Investigation of in vitro antimicrobial activity of Aloe vera juice. Vol. 8, Journal of Animal and Veterinary Advances. 2009. p. 99–102.
Nejatzadeh-Barandozi F. Antibacterial activities and antioxidant capacity of Aloe vera. Org Med Chem Lett. 2013;3(1):5. Available from: 10.1371/journal.pone.0253848
Jana K, Chatterjee K, Ali K, Ghosh A, Bera T, Ghosh D. Antioxidant potential of hydro-methanolic extract of seed of Caesalpinia bonduc: An in vitro study. J Adv Pharm Technol Res. 2011;2(4):260–5. Available from: 10.4103/2231-4040.90884
Umamaheswari M, Chatterjee T. In vitro antioxidant activities of the fractions of Coccinia grandis l. leaf extract. African J Tradit Complement Altern Med. 2008;5(1):61–73. Available from: 10.4314/ajtcam.v5i1.31258
Taukoorah U, Mahomoodally MF. Crude Aloe vera Gel Shows Antioxidant Propensities and Inhibits Pancreatic Lipase and Glucose Movement in Vitro. Adv Pharmacol Sci. 2016;2016. Available from: 10.1155/2016/3720850
Miller A, Collection A, Sample P. Antifungal and Antioxidant Activities. World Acad Sci Eng Technol. 2011;2009–11.
Hes M, Dziedzic K, Gorecka D, Jedrusek-Golińska A, Gujska E. Aloe vera (L.) Webb.: Natural Sources of Antioxidants – A Review. Plant Foods Hum Nutr. 2019;74(3):255–65. Available from: 10.1007/s11130-019-00747-5
Sánchez M, González-Burgos E, Iglesias I, Gómez-Serranillos MP. Pharmacological update properties of aloe vera and its major active constituents. Molecules. 2020;25(6):1–37. Available from: 10.3390/molecules25061324
Nguta JM, Appiah-Opong R, Nyarko AK, Yeboah-Manu D, Addo PGA, Otchere ID, et al. In vitro antimycobacterial and cytotoxic data on medicinal plants used to treat tuberculosis. Data Br. 2016;7:1124–30. Available from: 10.1016/j.dib.2016.03.088
Tiwari P, Kumar B, Kaur M, Kaur G, Kaur H. Phytochemical screening and extraction: a review. Int Pharm Sci. 2011;1(1):98–106.

[1] WHO. Global tuberculosis report 2020: executive summary. WHO. Geneva; 2020.

[2] WHO. Tuberculosis. 2021;

[3] Migliori GB, Tiberi S, Zumla A, Petersen E, Chakaya JM, Wejse C, et al. MDR/XDR-TB management of patients and contacts: Challenges facing the new decade. The 2020 clinical update by the Global Tuberculosis Network. Int J Infect Dis. 2020;92:S15–25. Available from: 10.1016/j.ijid.2020.01.042

[4] Alemu A, Bitew ZW, Worku T, Gamtesa DF, Alebel A. Predictors of mortality in patients with drug-resistant tuberculosis: A systematic review and meta-analysis. PLoS One. 2021;16(6 June):1–24. Available from: 10.1371/journal.pone.0253848

[5] Kliman Kai, Altraja Alan. Annals of Internal Medicine Predictors of Extensively Drug-Resistant Pulmonary Tuberculosis. Ann Intern Med. 2005;(12).

[6] Soeroto AY, Pratiwi C, Santoso P, Lestari BW. Factors affecting outcome of longer regimen multidrug-resistant tuberculosis treatment in West Java Indonesia: A retrospective cohort study. PLoS One. 2021;16(2 February):1–13. Available from: 10.1371/journal.pone.0246284

[7] Sakundano M, Jazuli N. TB community empowerment model instruments in finding tuberculosis (TB) suspects. Bali Med J. 2022;11(2):551–4.

[8] Philip J, John S, Iyer P. Antimicrobial activity of Aloevera barbedensis, Daucus carota, Emblica officinalis, Honey and Punica granatum and formulation of a health drink and salad. Malays J Microbiol. 2012;8(3):141–7.

[9] Alemdar S, Agaoglu S. Investigation of in vitro antimicrobial activity of Aloe vera juice. Vol. 8, Journal of Animal and Veterinary Advances. 2009. p. 99–102.

[10] Nejatzadeh-Barandozi F. Antibacterial activities and antioxidant capacity of Aloe vera. Org Med Chem Lett. 2013;3(1):5. Available from: 10.1371/journal.pone.0253848

[11] Jana K, Chatterjee K, Ali K, Ghosh A, Bera T, Ghosh D. Antioxidant potential of hydro-methanolic extract of seed of Caesalpinia bonduc: An in vitro study. J Adv Pharm Technol Res. 2011;2(4):260–5. Available from: 10.4103/2231-4040.90884

[12] Umamaheswari M, Chatterjee T. In vitro antioxidant activities of the fractions of Coccinia grandis l. leaf extract. African J Tradit Complement Altern Med. 2008;5(1):61–73. Available from: 10.4314/ajtcam.v5i1.31258

[13] Taukoorah U, Mahomoodally MF. Crude Aloe vera Gel Shows Antioxidant Propensities and Inhibits Pancreatic Lipase and Glucose Movement in Vitro. Adv Pharmacol Sci. 2016;2016. Available from: 10.1155/2016/3720850

[14] Miller A, Collection A, Sample P. Antifungal and Antioxidant Activities. World Acad Sci Eng Technol. 2011;2009–11.

[15] Hes M, Dziedzic K, Gorecka D, Jedrusek-Golińska A, Gujska E. Aloe vera (L.) Webb.: Natural Sources of Antioxidants – A Review. Plant Foods Hum Nutr. 2019;74(3):255–65. Available from: 10.1007/s11130-019-00747-5

[16] Sánchez M, González-Burgos E, Iglesias I, Gómez-Serranillos MP. Pharmacological update properties of aloe vera and its major active constituents. Molecules. 2020;25(6):1–37. Available from: 10.3390/molecules25061324

[17] Nguta JM, Appiah-Opong R, Nyarko AK, Yeboah-Manu D, Addo PGA, Otchere ID, et al. In vitro antimycobacterial and cytotoxic data on medicinal plants used to treat tuberculosis. Data Br. 2016;7:1124–30. Available from: 10.1016/j.dib.2016.03.088

[18] Tiwari P, Kumar B, Kaur M, Kaur G, Kaur H. Phytochemical screening and extraction: a review. Int Pharm Sci. 2011;1(1):98–106.

Aloe vera and its potency as antituberculosis against strains of Mycobacterium tuberculosis that is resistant to some tuberculosis drugs

Abstract

References

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