Background: Regional anesthesia has an anti-inflammatory effect that blockade the C-fiber hence reduced cytokine production and blocked the activity of the sympathetic nerve fibers. Postoperative pain caused primarily by tissue inflammation and activity of the C-fibers in the manner of reduced the production of cytokines, regional anesthesia may limit the inflammatory response after surgery and severity of postoperative pain. Methods: This study is a clinical experimental study with randomized pre and post test control group design. A total of 24 samples were recruited in this study divided into two groups each consisting of 12 samples. The first group was given regional anesthesia method of continuous brachial plexus block with ultrasound guidance and the second group with general anesthesia method. T-test or Mann-Whitney continued multivariate linear regression analysis was performed to analyze the differences in treatment and not because of differences in the initial values with significance level of p<0.05. Results: This study reports that the mean decreased levels of IL-6 postoperatively in 1^stgroup is 29.8 lower than in 2^ndgroup and it is statistically significant p< 0.05. There was an increase of IL-10 mean levels from preoperative to postoperatively with significance level of p<0.05 in both groups. Declined in the mean levels of PAF postoperatively in 1^st group 1.3 lower than 2^nd group and it was statistically significant p<0.05. The declined of  postoperative VAS in 1^st group is 3.1 lower than 2^nd group and it is statistically significant p< 0.05, and it also contained the pure effect of PAF levels against value of VAS that any increased 1ng/ml levels of PAF then an increase in the value of 0.18 cm VAS and this was statistically significant p<0.05. Selection of this anesthesia technique in orthopedic antebrachii surgery provides better inflammatory response and improved clinical outcomes.

Background: The present study was undertaken to assess the incidence of congenital anomalies among newborns. The total anomalies were 280 and the highest incidence has been identified in the year 2011, and the incidences were high in the gastrointestinal system. It also reveals that the incidence is higher in low birth weight newborns, and the major incidence has been identified in full term newborns. Results: results of the study can be used to predict future incidence of anomalies and to increase public awareness about congenital anomalies to take preventive measures.

Background: Glaucoma is characterized by progressive degeneration of retinal ganglion cells and their axons that leads to nerve fiber layer loss, optic disc cupping, and consecutive glaucomatous visual field changes. Study is done in Department of ophthalmology, S.V.R.R Government General Hospital, S.V.Medical College Tirupati. A total of 52 eyes of 29 patients were included in the study. Mean age of the patients included in the study is 64.14+/- 11.43 years. Majority were male patients (68.96%). Female patients were only 31.04%.

Background: Dengue hemorrhagic fever the spread of which is mediated by Aedesaegypti mosquito that becomes a health problem in Indonesia every year. Some natural and chemical substances had been experimented to combat Aedesaegypti, one of them is detergent solution. This study aims to investigate the effect of several concentrations of detergent to kill Aedesaegypti larvae, and to find out the lethal concentration (LC)50, LC90, and LC95. Method: Randomized posttest only control group design was applied to observe the percentage of Aedesaegypti larvae instar III-IV killed when they contacted to various detergent concentrations within 24 hour of observation. Results: This study result showed that detergent with the concentration of 0.12 g/l; 0.14 g/l; 0.16 g/l; 0.18 g/l; 0.20 g/l; 0.22 g/l and 0.24 g/l respectively showed the killing of Aedesaegypti larvae 37.6%, 42.4%, 74.4%, 85.6%, 89.6%, 95.2% and 100%, respectively. Probit analysis showed that LC50 = 0.14 gram/liter, LC90 = 0.20 g/l and LC95=0.22 g/l.

Background: Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia (BPH) has been correlated with chronic prostatitis according recent study. Chronic pelvic pain is the chief complain of BPH followed by prostatitis. The gold standard of the etiological diagnosis is urine culture, but the negativity rate is still high. Multiplex polymerase chain reaction (PCR) as a diagnostic tool in search of etiological causes could identify microorganism on DNA level. This research aims to find out the role of multiplex polymerase chain reaction as diagnostic tools on prostatitis patients. Material and Method: A total of 12 samples collected during the TURP procedure in Sanglah General Hospital Denpasar – Bali from February until May 2015. All of the samples has been diagnosed prostatitis clinically and perform urine culture test. The prostate specimen taken was sent to the Pathological anatomy for histopathology diagnostic and underwent multiplex PCR for etiologic diagnostic. Result: 12 samples have been declared as prostatitis based on histopathology examination, and then were analyzed using multiplex PCR. 10 samples were positive (6 were E. coli, 2 were C. trachomatis, the rest were N. gonorrhea and P. aeruginosa). The urine culture revealed 9 positive, within the result 6 were E. coli, and the others were P. aeruginosa, M. morganii and A. haemolyticus. Conclusion: In prostatitis patient, the etiological diagnostic was important. Multiplex PCR as diagnostic tools could detect the microorganism on a negative urine culture. The combination of the urine culture test and multiplex PCR revealed a better result on etiologic diagnosis which leads to a better management of the disease. 

   Ovarian cyst in pregnancy may have a poor feto-maternal outcome. A 25 year old multi gravida, post caesarean pregnancy at term reported with antenatal ultrasonography (USG) diagnosis of giant unilocular ovarian cyst and normal obstetrics findings. Elective lower segment caesarean section (LSCS) with left salpingo-oophorectomy and right partial salpingectomy was done. Left ovarian cyst was 29x20 cm. in size with smooth surface, no adhesion, no free fluid in peritoneal cavity and a normal right ovary. Histopathological examination revealed mucinous cystadenoma of ovary. Post-operative period was uneventful. The rarity of the case and its successful management prompted us for reporting along with review of literatures. 

   Ovarian cyst in pregnancy may have a poor feto-maternal outcome. A 25 year old multi gravida, post caesarean pregnancy at term reported with antenatal ultrasonography (USG) diagnosis of giant unilocular ovarian cyst and normal obstetrics findings. Elective lower segment caesarean section (LSCS) with left salpingo-oophorectomy and right partial salpingectomy was done. Left ovarian cyst was 29x20 cm. in size with smooth surface, no adhesion, no free fluid in peritoneal cavity and a normal right ovary. Histopathological examination revealed mucinous cystadenoma of ovary. Post-operative period was uneventful. The rarity of the case and its successful management prompted us for reporting along with review of literatures.